Grades and Grade Point Average (GPA)
The following grades are used on the academic records:
| Letter Grade | Quality Points | Equivalent Relation to Performance |
|---|---|---|
| A+ | 4.0 | Superior performance |
| A | 4.0 | |
| A- | 3.7 | Expected performance |
| B+ | 3.3 | |
| B | 3.0 | |
| B- | 2.7 | Passing but below graduate standards |
| C+ | 2.3 | |
| C | 2.0 | |
| C- | 1.7 | Unacceptable |
| D+ | 1.3 | |
| D | 1.0 | |
| D- | 0.7 | |
| F | 0.0 | |
| E | N/A | Waiver Exam (No Credit) |
| EP | N/A | Waiver Exam (Credit) |
| I | N/A | Incomplete |
| I+ | N/A | Incomplete Extension |
| N | N/A | Never Attended |
| P | N/A | Pass in a Pass/Fail course |
| Q | N/A | Dissertation Extension |
| R | N/A | Grade Not Reported |
| S | N/A | Pass with Pass/Fail contract |
| W | N/A | Withdrawn |
| Z | N/A | Audited |
Note: At the graduate level, courses completed with a grade less than "C" will not be counted toward program requirements.
Grade Point Average
A student's grade point average (GPA) is calculated by first multiplying the quality points assigned to each letter grade (A through F) by the number of credits for that course to determine the total quality points earned for each course. The GPA is then determined by dividing the total quality points earned by the total number of credits attempted for courses with standard letter grades (A through F). Transfer credits and courses with non-standard grades (e.g., Pass/Fail, W, or I) are not included in the GPA calculation.